Full MS-DOS Knowledge & Explain

MS DOS

( Microsoft Disk Operating System )

What is MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System)?

            An operating system is a basic interface between hardware and software . An operating system is the link between user and machine language with use of high level language we send instructions into the computer. There instruction are converted into machine language with the help of operating system .

Job Performed by an Operating System.

         1. Processing Management

         2. Memory Management

         3. Input Output Management

         4. File Management 

1. Processing Management :-

Processing Management System takes control over CPU assign data or instruction to the CPU after processing it again receives result from processing units.This work of operating system is called Processing Management.

2. Memory management :-

An operating system all cache memory for the system programs which is known as memory management.

3. Input Output Management :-

An operating system process the data under Input Output management.

4.File Management :-

An operating system allow creating editing,saving and deleting the file . This work of operating system is called management.

TYPE OF OPERATING SYSTEM

There are two types of operating system :-

1.Singal User :- One user can work at one time.i.e-(MS DOS) 

2.Multi User :- More than one user can get connected and work at a time. In this operating system one CPU work along with many of computer can work together simulatuneous usually.

i.e- (Unix,Linux)

DOS

It stand for Disk Operating System DOS is a set of programs , which is used to activate all components or parts of computer system , is known as Disk Operating System (DOS )

COMMAND :- ( Command is in MS DOS written program which is use to run fix task of program )

A set of instruction is known as command. There are two types of commands.

1. INTERNAL COMMAND

2. EXTERNAL COMMAND 

1. INTERNAL COMMAND :-

There are the simplest and the most commonly used commands which execute immediately. There commands at the part of Command . Com file. They get loaded in the memory along with MS DOS system at the time of booting.

For Example :- Date , Time , Dir , Vol , Ver etc.

1) Vol :- This command is use to display the volume of target disk.

2) Label :- This command is use to change the current volume of target disk. 

3) Ver :- This command is used to display the version of MS DOS.

Internal Command's

• CLS (clear screen)
• VOL(It is used to display the volume  label and volume serial number)
• VER (version)
• PATH (PATH tells DOS which directories should be searched for external commands after DOS searches your working directory. DOS searches the paths in the order specified in the PATH command. If you enter the PATH command without options , the program will display the currently set path designations.
• DEL (Erase)

Syntax :-

del filename erase filename

• TYPE
• DIR
• MD
• CD
• RD
• PROMPT
• COPY
• TIME
• DATE
• PAUSE

2. EXTERNAL COMMAND :

The command which requires some special DOS files for execution is called external commands.

For Example :- Move , Copy , Rename , Edit , Formate etc.

DIR  COMMANDS

Full Form of  DIR = Directories

DIR :- This command is use to see or display the list of files and directories.

DIR/AA :- This command is used to display only files.

DIR/AD :- This command is used to display only directories.

DIR/P :- This command is used to display list of files and directories.

DIR/W :- This command is used to display list of files and directories width wise.

DIR/L :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories in lower case.

DIR/B :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories

without any other information.

DIR/S :- This option is used with direct command to search any files and directories.

Syntax:- dir/s <space> <any file name>.

DIR/ON :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories  

ascending order of their name.

DIR/AH :- This command is used to display the list of hidden files only.

DIR/AS :- This option is used to display the list of system files only.

DIR/AR :- This command is used to display the list of read only files.

DIR/OS :- This command is used to display the list of files and directories

in ascending order of their size.

TO CREATE FILE IN MS-DOS

COPY <SPACE> CON <SPACE> FILE NAME

Type any massage

Press F6 Button to save file.

 It save massage like :-1 file copied and save.

TO OPEN FILE AND READ FILE

Type <SPACE> FILE NAME

TO DELETE FILE

DEL <SPACE> FILE NAME

TO MAKE DIRECTORY

MD <SPACE> DIRECTORY NAME

MD = MAKE DIRECTORY

TO OPEN DIRECTORIES

CD <SPACE> DIRECTORIES NAME

CD = CHANGE DIRECTORIES NAME

TO COME OUT FROM DIRECTORY

CD..

TO REMOVE DIRECTORY

RD <SPACE> DIRECTORIES NAME.

EXTERNAL COMMAND

Ren (RENAME) :- This command is used to assign a new name of an already existing file and directory.

Ren <space> old file / directory name <space>  new file / directory name.

Copy :- This command is used to assign new name of an already existing file.

Copy <space> old file name <space> new file name.

TO HIDE FILE / FOLDER

Attrib <space> + h <space> file / directory name.

 

TO UNHIDE FILE / FOLDER

Attrib <space> - h <space> file / directory name.

To Add / Remove read only file.

Attrib <space> + R <space> file name.

Attrib <space> - R <space> file name.

To copy directories.

Xcopy <space> old directory name e/s <space> new directory name.

To edit story / message.

Edit <space> file name.

PROMPT

PROMPT:- This command is used to change the appearance of current DOS prompt.

Prompt <space> file name ( put any name ).

To return the DOS prompt.

Prompt <space> $ p $ g.

To display the current system date.

Prompt <space> $ d.

Prompt <space> $ p $ g.

To display the current system time.

Prompt <space> $ t.

Prompt <space> $ p $ g.

For running command prompt.

Go to start button => All Program => Accessories => command prompt.

Go to start button => All Program => Accessories => Run type CMD.

WINDOW + R TYPE    CMD.